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Effects of passive smoking on heart rate variability, heart rate and blood pressure: an observational study

机译:被动吸烟对心率变异性,心率和血压的影响:一项观察性研究

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Background Exposure to environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) has been shown to increase the risk for cardiovascular diseases and death, and autonomic dysfunction (specifically, reduced heart rate variability (HRV)) is a predictor of increased cardiac risk. This study tests the hypothesis that ETS exposure reduces HRV in the general population and discusses possible pathways. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted between 2001 and 2003 and is part of the SAPALDIA (Swiss Cohort Study on Air Pollution and Lung Diseases in Adults) study. The analysis included 1218 randomly selected non-smokers aged 50 and above who participated in 24-h electrocardiogram recordings. Other examinations included an interview, investigating health status (especially respiratory and cardiovascular health and health relevant behaviours and exposure to ETS) and measurements of blood pressure, body height and weight. Results Subjects exposed to ETS at home or at work for more than 2 h/day had a difference of −15% in total power (95%CI: −26 to −3%), low frequency power (−28 to −1%), low/high frequency ratio (−26 to −3%) and −18% (−29 to −4%) in ultralow frequency power of HRV compared with subjects not exposed to ETS at home or work. We also found a 2.7% (−0.01 to 5.34%) higher heart rate during the recording in exposed subjects. Conclusions Exposure to ETS at home and work is associated with lower HRV and with higher heart rate in an ageing population. Our findings suggest that exposure to ETS increases cardiac risk through disturbances in the autonomic nervous system
机译:背景研究表明,暴露于环境烟草烟雾(ETS)会增加罹患心血管疾病和死亡的风险,而自主神经功能障碍(特别是心率变异性(HRV)降低)是心脏风险增加的预测因素。这项研究检验了以下假设:ETS暴露会降低普通人群的HRV,并讨论了可能的途径。方法该横断面研究于2001年至2003年进行,是SAPALDIA(瑞士成年人空气污染和肺部疾病队列研究)研究的一部分。分析包括1218名年龄在50岁及以上的非吸烟者,他们参加了24小时心电图记录。其他检查包括访谈,调查健康状况(尤其是呼吸道和心血管健康以及与健康有关的行为以及与ETS接触)以及血压,身高和体重的测量。结果在家中或工作时间超过2 h /天暴露于ETS的受试者的总功率(95%CI:-26至-3%),低频功率(−28至-1%)相差-15% ),与在家或工作中未暴露于ETS的受试者相比,HRV的超低频功率的低频/高频比(−26至-3%)和−18%(−29至-4%)。在暴露对象的录音过程中,我们还发现心率提高了2.7%(-0.01至5.34%)。结论在老龄化人群中,在家中和工作中接触ETS与较低的HRV和较高的心率有关。我们的研究结果表明,暴露于ETS会通过自主神经系统紊乱而增加心脏风险

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